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“Investigation of flexible pavement structural response for the Centre for Pavement and Transportation Technology (CPATT) test road.” Transportation Research Board 89th Annual Meeting, Washington, D.C., USA, pp. “Dynamic analysis and in situ validation of perpetual pavement response to vehicular loading.” Transportation Research Board, TRB, pp. “Artificial neural network approach for pavement maintenance.” Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering, ASCE, Vol. “Artificial neural network approach for overlay design of flexible pavements.” The International Arab Journal of Information Technology, IAJIT, Vol. In backcalculating layer moduli, the measure of how well the calculated deflection basin matches (or converges to) the measured deflection basin was previously described as the “error check.” This is also referred to as the “goodness of fit” or “convergence error.” The primary measure of convergence is typically Root Mean Square (RMS) or Root Mean Square Error (RMSE). Backcalculation Flowchart Measure of Convergence In some backcalculation programs, a range (minimum and maximum) of moduli are selected or calculated to prevent program convergence to unreasonable moduli levels (either high or low).įigure 1. Various methods have been employed within the various backcalculation programs to converge on a set of layer moduli which produces an acceptable error between the measured and calculated deflection basins. There are various error measures which can be used to make such comparisons (more on this in a subsequent paragraph in this section). This element simply compares the measured and calculated basins. Layered elastic computer programs are generally used to calculate a deflection basin. These moduli are usually estimated from user experience or various equations.
The seed moduli are the initial moduli used in the computer program to calculate surface deflections. Includes all layer thicknesses and load levels for a specific test location. Includes the measured pavement surface deflections and associated distances from the load.